Wow those tires are pretty small compared to stock.
If you clear the calipers now, you're not going to have problems with them in the future, because nothing changes to affect that gap without changing the rim or calipers.
The offset could potentially cause an issue, but that will affect if the rim or tire makes contact with the suspension or fender.
As for the width of the tire you can fit on the rim. That depends a lot on aspect ratio (the second number on the tire). A smaller sidewall is, the closer the rim width needs to be to the tire's width. In any case, the width of the tire can't be narrower than the rim width, or it won't seal. The 10" wide rim is 255 wide, so the narrowest you'll ever be able to fit on that rim is a 255/xx/18.
If you clear the calipers now, you're not going to have problems with them in the future, because nothing changes to affect that gap without changing the rim or calipers.
The offset could potentially cause an issue, but that will affect if the rim or tire makes contact with the suspension or fender.
As for the width of the tire you can fit on the rim. That depends a lot on aspect ratio (the second number on the tire). A smaller sidewall is, the closer the rim width needs to be to the tire's width. In any case, the width of the tire can't be narrower than the rim width, or it won't seal. The 10" wide rim is 255 wide, so the narrowest you'll ever be able to fit on that rim is a 255/xx/18.